Murphy-Essential-Grammar in Use Elementary-2015.pdf

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Study guide
If you are not sure which units you need to study, use this study guide.
You have to decide which alternative ( A, B, C etc.) is right.
SOMETIMES MORE THAN ONE ALTERNATIVE IS CORRECT.
If you don’t know (or if you are not sure) which alternatives are correct, study the unit
(or units) on the right. You will find the correct sentence in the unit.
Present
Past
(I am, they’re working, she doesn’t know etc.)
(I was, they were working, we didn’t know etc.)
(I’ve finished, Have you ever ...? etc.)
Present perfect
Passive
(It was built, They’ve been repaired etc.)
(I was making, it was made etc.)
Verb forms
Future
(I’m doing, I’m going to do, I’ll do)
(can, might, should etc.)
Modals, imperative etc.
There
and
it
(There’s a tree, It’s a tree)
(be, have, don’t etc.)
Auxiliary verbs
Questions
(Is it ...?, Have you ...?, Do they ...? etc.)
(She said that ..., He told me that ...)
Reported speech
-ing
and
to ...
(going/to go, working/to work etc.)
Go, get, do, make
and
have
Pronouns and possessives
A
and
the
(they/them/their/theirs etc.)
(a house, the house etc.)
(some, any, none etc.)
Determiners and pronouns
Adjectives and adverbs
Word order
(quick, quickly, quicker etc.)
(I’m always late, I always go etc.)
(When I ..., If I ..., The man who ... etc.)
Conjunctions and clauses
Unit
1
am/is/are
A
My name
is
Lisa.
I’m American. I’m from Chicago.
I’m 22.
My favourite colour
is
blue.
My favourite sports
are
football and swimming.
I’m interested in art.
I’m
not
interested in politics.
LISA
I’m a student.
My father
is
a doctor and
my mother
is
a journalist.
B
positive
I
he
she
it
we
you
they
am
is
(I’m)
(he’s)
(she’s)
(it’s)
(we’re)
(you’re)
(they’re)
short form
negative
I
am not
he
she
is not
it
we
you
are not
they
(I’m
not)
(he’s
not
(she’s
not
(it’s
not
or
he
isn’t)
or
she
isn’t)
or
it
isn’t)
are
(we’re
not
or
we
aren’t)
(you’re
not
or
you
aren’t)
(they’re
not
or
they
aren’t)
short forms
I’m scared of dogs.
I’m cold. Can you close the window, please?
I’m 32 years old. My sister
is
29.
Steve
is
ill. He’s in bed.
My brother
is
scared of dogs.
It’s ten o’clock. You’re late again.
Ann and I
are
good friends.
Your keys
are
on the table.
I’m tired, but I’m
not
hungry.
Lisa
isn’t
interested in politics. She’s interested in art.
James
isn’t
a teacher. He’s a student.
Those people
aren’t
English. They’re Australian.
It’s sunny today, but it
isn’t
warm.
C
that’s = that
is
there’s = there
is
here’s = here
is
Here’s your key.
Thank you. That’s very kind of you.
Look! There’s Chris.
‘Here’s your key.’ ‘Thank you.’
Thank you.
am/is/are
(questions)
➜
Unit 2
there is/are
➜
Unit 37
a/an
➜
Unit 65
short forms
➜
Appendix 4
Exercises
Write the short form (
she’s
/
we aren’t
etc.).
she’s
1 she is
3 it is not
2 they are
4 that is
Write
am
,
is
or
are
.
1 The weather
is
nice today.
2 I
not rich.
3 This bag
heavy.
4 These bags
heavy.
5
6
7
8
5 I am not
6 you are not
Unit
1
Look! There
Helen.
My brother and I
good tennis players.
Emily
at home. Her children
at school.
I
a taxi driver. My sister
a nurse.
Complete the sentences.
1 Steve is ill.
He’s
in bed.
2 I’m not hungry, but
thirsty.
3 Mr Thomas is a very old man.
98.
4 These chairs aren’t beautiful, but
comfortable.
5 The weather is nice today.
warm and sunny.
6 ‘
late.’ ‘No, I’m not. I’m early!’
7 Catherine isn’t at home.
at work.
8 ‘
your coat.’ ‘Oh, thank you very much.’
Look at Lisa’s sentences in 1A. Now write sentences about yourself.
1 (name?) My
5 (favourite colour or colours?)
2 (age?) I
My
3 (from?) I
6 (interested in … ?)
I
4 (job?) I
Write sentences for the pictures. Use:
angry
1
cold
2
hot
hungry
3
scared
thirsty
4
5
6
1
She’s thirsty.
2 They
3 He
4
5
6
Write true sentences, positive or negative. Use
is
/
isn’t
or
are
/
aren’t
.
It isn’t hot today.
1 (it / hot today)
or
It’s hot today.
2 (it / windy today)
It
3 (my hands / cold)
My
4 (Brazil / a very big country)
5 (diamonds / cheap)
6 (Toronto / in the US)
Write true sentences, positive or negative. Use
I’m
/
I’m not
.
I’m tired.
or
I’m not tired.
7 (tired)
8 (hungry)
I
9 (a good swimmer)
10 (interested in football)
➜
Additional exercise 1
Unit
2
am/is/are
(questions)
A
positive
I
am
he
she
is
it
we
you
are
they
question
am
is
I?
he?
she?
it?
we?
you?
they?
What’s
your name?
David.
Are you
married?
No, I’m not.
How old are you?
25.
Are you
a student?
Yes, I am.
are
‘Am
I
late?’ ‘No,
you’re
on time.’
‘Is
your mother
at home?’ ‘No,
she’s
out.’
‘Are
your parents
at home?’ ‘No,
they’re
out.’
‘Is
it
cold in your room?’ ‘Yes, a little.’
Your shoes are
nice.
Are they
new?
We say:
Is she
at home? /
Is your mother
at home? (not Is at home your mother?)
Are they
new? /
Are your shoes
new? (not Are new your shoes?)
B
Where
…
?
/
What
…
?
/
Who
…
?
/
How
…
?
/
Why
…
?
Where is
your mother? Is she at home?
‘Where
are
you from?’ ‘Canada.’
‘What
colour is
your car?’ ‘It’s red.’
‘How
old is
Joe?’ ‘He’s 24.’
How are
your parents? Are they well?
These shoes are nice.
How much are
they?
This hotel isn’t very good.
Why is
it so expensive?
what’s = what
is
who’s = who
is
What’s
the time?
Where’s
Lucy?
how’s = how
is
where’s = where
is
Who’s
that man?
How’s
your father?
C
Short answers
I
he
she
it
am.
is.
No,
I’m
he’s
she’s
it’s
we’re
you’re
they’re
he
she
it
isn’t.
That’s my seat.
No, it isn’t.
Yes,
not.
or
we
you
are.
they
No,
we
you
aren’t.
they
‘Are
you
tired?’ ‘Yes,
I am.’
‘Are
you
hungry?’ ‘No,
I’m not,
but I’m thirsty.’
‘Is
your friend
English?’ ‘Yes,
he is.’
‘Are
these
your keys?’ ‘Yes, they are.’
‘That’s my seat.’ ‘No,
it isn’t.’
am/is/are
➜
Unit 1
questions
➜
Unit 44
what/which/how
➜
Unit 47
Exercises
Find the right answers for the questions.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Where’s the camera?
Is your car blue?
Is Kate from London?
Am I late?
Where’s Amy from?
What colour is your bag?
Are you hungry?
How is George?
Who’s that woman?
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
London.
No, I’m not.
Yes, you are.
My sister.
Black.
No, it’s black.
In your bag.
No, she’s American.
Very well.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
G
Unit
2
Make questions with these words.
1 (is / at home / your mother)
2 (your parents / are / well)
3 (interesting / is / your job)
4 (the shops / are / open today)
5 (from / where / you / are)
6 (interested in sport / you / are)
7 (is / near here / the station)
8 (at school / are / your children)
9 (you / are / late / why)
Is your mother at home
Are your parents well
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Complete the questions. Use
What …
/
Who …
/
Where …
/
How …
.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Write the questions.
PAUL
How are
your parents?
the bus stop?
your children?
these oranges?
your favourite sport?
the man in this photo?
your new shoes?
They’re very well.
At the end of the street.
Five, six and ten.
£1.50 a kilo.
Skiing.
That’s my father.
Black.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(name?)
What’s your name?
(American?)
(how old?)
(a teacher?)
(married?)
(wife a lawyer?)
(from?)
(her name?)
(how old?)
Paul.
No, I’m Australian.
I’m 30.
No, I’m a lawyer.
Yes, I am.
No, she’s a designer.
She’s Italian.
Anna.
She’s 27.
Write short answers (Yes,
I am.
/
No, he isn’t.
etc.).
1 Are you married?
No, I’m not.
4 Are your hands cold?
2 Are you thirsty?
5 Is it dark now?
3 Is it cold today?
6 Are you a teacher?
➜
Additional exercises 1–2

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