Camera+Basics_ISO.pdf

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CAMERA BASICS SERIES: ISO EXPLAINED
Quick Guide
Written by Angela Fulks
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ISO is the third element that works together
with shutter speed and aperture to complete the
photography exposure triangle. Learning and using
these elements properly is what helps us ensure that
our photographs are properly exposed and makes
our images look their best.
Let’s take a closer look at ISO and how our ISO
settings will affect our images.
In this guide, we'll discuss the following:
· What is ISO?
· What affect do ISO settings have on our
photos?
· How do we adjust our ISO settings?
· How do we determine what our ISO setting
should be?
· Simple guidelines to commonly used ISO
ranges
Recommended Reading:
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CAMERA BASICS SERIES: ISO EXPLAINED //
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WHAT IS ISO?
ISO, pronounced I-S-O but sometimes called I-SO, is a
term that has been used since the film camera days. It
was used to specify how sensitive to light a particular
roll of film was. The sensitivity, or ISO value, would
remain the same throughout every shot taken on that
roll of film. Photographers would need to choose the
film with the appropriate ISO value for the conditions in
which they would be photographing, depending on the
available light.
Digital cameras allow us to change our camera’s
sensitivity to light by changing our ISO settings instead
of needing to change out a whole roll of film. This
means that by changing our ISO settings, we can
increase or decrease the brightness of our photos as
needed, even shot by shot, if we wish!
Photograph by Angela Fulks
Key Lesson:
ISO is used to control the
brightness or darkness of our photos.
We will be using this tomato as our test subject to see
how different ISO settings affect the photo quality
in a few different lighting situations. This photo was
taken with my ISO setting at 100 (seen as ISO 100 on
my camera’s LCD screen). I would like to brighten this
photo, but I don’t want to change my shutter speed
or aperture, so my only option now is to raise my ISO
setting.
CAMERA BASICS SERIES: ISO EXPLAINED //
©
PHOTZY.COM
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WHAT EFFECTS DO ISO SETTINGS
HAVE ON OUR PHOTOGRAPHS?
We know that shutter speed and aperture determine
how much light is being let into our camera’s sensor,
but ISO determines how our camera’s sensor will
respond to that light. A high ISO setting means our
cameras will be more sensitive to that light and result
in a brighter photograph. A low ISO setting means
our cameras will be less sensitive to that light and
result in a darker photograph.
Sounds simple, right? If you need your photograph
to be brighter, simply crank up the ISO number and
produce a brighter photo.
That is true, but it comes at a price.
Cranking up the ISO will also introduce digital noise,
or grain, into your photo. Too much noise can result
in photos looking blurry or grainy, not sharp and
smooth.
Let’s take a closer look at the photo of the tomato
with ISO 100. If we focus around the tomato’s stem,
we can see that the details are still smooth and sharp.
There is little to no noise because of the low ISO. I
want to keep this photo as smooth as possible, while
raising my ISO value to brighten it. I now need to
adjust my ISO until I reach an acceptable balance
between brightness and quality.
CAMERA BASICS SERIES: ISO EXPLAINED //
©
PHOTZY.COM
Photograph by Angela Fulks
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