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Content warning!
This book contains disturbing
images inappropriate for
sensitive readers and children.
Scientific Editor
Konrad Wnęk
General Editor
Lidia A. Zyblikiewicz
Organisation management
Michał Góras
Janusz Waliś
Reviewers
Prof. Wojciech Fałkowski
Prof. Marta Juchnowicz
Prof. Elżbieta Mączyńska
Prof. Wojciech Roszkowski
Prof. Dariusz Zarzecki
Translation
Teresa Bałuk-Ulewicz
Copy editing and proofreading
Jacek Łuczak
Simon Porter
Cover design
Krzysztof Słomka
Layout and DTP
Agnieszka Furyk
Konstancja Pleskaczyńska
To the citizens of the Republic of Poland – who were victims
of Germany’s aggression and occupation of Poland, 1939–1945
Polish National Foundation Co-ordinators
Board
Dr Marcin Zarzecki
Michał Góras
Cezary Andrzej Jurkiewicz
Project Managers
Jacek Jeżewski
Janusz Waliś
SPECIAL
EDITION
Editor’s Preface
Commemorative plaque to honor the Members of Parliament of the Second Polish Republic who were killed
during World War II by the German and Soviet terror, fixed in the main hall of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland
at 4/6/8 Wiejska Street in Warsaw.
(Photographs on pp. 6, 10, 12–13, 16 by Maciej Biedrzycki)
An inscription engraved on the middle plaque:
The Sejm of the Republic of Poland in homage to our predecessors, Members
of Parliament of the Second Polish Republic who died for Poland during World
War II. Their sacrifice and shed blood have not been in vain, becoming the foun-
dation of our country’s independence. May the memory of that be always with
us because ‘the nation that loses its memory, loses its conscience’.
“Altogether, about 1,700 Deputies sat in the Sejm of the Second Polish
Republic, of whom almost three hundred died during World War II. Two
hundred Deputies were killed at the hands of the German invader, and
a hundred fell victim to the Soviet repression. 450 Senators sat in the
pre-war Senate. During the war and due to post-war repression, almost
one hundred Senators were killed. Half of them died as a direct result of
German war operations, and the other half died in the Soviet Union or in
the areas occupied by the Red Army.
In total, about 2,050 Deputies and Senators sat in the Parliament during
the pre-war period, and about 20 percent of them died before 31 August,
1939. During World War II, about four hundred Members of Parliament
died, which constituted one-fourth of the MPs who were alive when the
war broke out. The data allows the recognition of Members of Parliament
of the Second Polish Republic as a deeply repressed and victimized com-
munity at that time, and the invaders’ actions as a form of elitocide.”
Deputies
and Senators of the Second Polish Republic victims of World War II, B. Popławski (ed.),
Warsaw 2019, p. 26.
This Report is the result of several years of work by a team
of experts from many different fields of science and scholarship
– history, demographics, economy, and property valuation. It con-
tains a set of calculations of the value of the losses Poland sus-
tained in many aspects of its public and economic affairs during
the Second World War owing to the Third Reich of Germany.
During the years of our work, which were interrupted by the
pandemic, we examined the BOW (Biuro Odszkodowań Wojen-
nych, Bureau of War Compensation) records collected and com-
piled for the Chairman of the Polish Council of Ministers and oth-
er archival resources, most of them now in the AAN (Archiwum
Akt Nowych, the Polish Archives of Modern Records, Warsaw),
including the following collections: Ministerstwo Pracy i Opieki
Społecznej (the Ministry of Work and Social Welfare), Ministerst-
wo Skarbu (the Ministry of the Treasury), and Komisja History-
czna Tymczasowej Rady Zakładu Ubezpieczeń Społecznych (the
History Commission attached to the Provisional Council of ZUS,
the Polish National Insurance Company). We conducted a search
in the collections of Centralne Archiwum Wojskowe (the Central
Military Archives) and several other departments of Polish State
Archives. We also used the resources of a variety of traditional
and digital libraries in Poland and abroad. To make an estimate of
the value of Poland’s historical losses in the global situation we
have today, our economists referred to international databases
such as the US Bureau of Statistics and the publications of the
World Bank.
This Report is not an academic publication but a summary of
the research conducted by our experts, most of whom are affil-
iated to the best Polish universities. Inspired by a mutual sense
of duty to their country, they joined our team to determine the
cost Poland has paid for being under German occupation during
the Second World War. Our aim is to effect the restoration of the
material assets Poland has been robbed of and to raise awareness
at home and abroad of the vast and irreparable losses our country
suffered during the Second World War. This is why our Report
does not review the research done up to now or discuss the bibli-
ography of the subject. We have tried to keep footnotes down to
a minimum and write in a straightforward style, steering clear of
academic jargon.

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