26. Chris Caple - Excavations at Dryslwyn Castle 1980-1995 (The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monographs, Book 26) [Retail].pdf

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Excavations at Dryslwyn Castle
1980–95
by
Chris Caple
with contributions by
Edward Besley, Ian Betts, Ray Caple, Mark Copley, John Daniell, Stephanie Dudd, David
Dungworth, Richard Evershed, Louisa Gidney, Alison Goodall, Ian Goodall†, Jacqui
Huntley, Oliver Jessop, Alison Locker, Jennifer Miller, Sonia O’Connor,
Chris Phillpotts, Clare Pickin, Susan Ramsay, Jeremy Reid, Carol Spence, Alice Thompson,
Rachel Tyson, Catherine Vinson, Peter Webster and Hugh Willmott
Illustrations by
Oliver Jessop
THE SOCIETY FOR MEDIEVAL ARCHAEOLOGY
MONOGRAPH 26
© 2007 The Society for Medieval Archaeology and authors
ISBN 13: 978-1-905981-88-5 (pbk)
Edited by Christopher Gerrard
Published 2017 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This publication has been made possible by a grant from Cadw
The Society for Medieval Archaeology
www.socmedarch.org / publications
Cover: Dryslwyn Castle from the air, Terry James of Cambria Archaeology
CONTENTS
List of Figures
Glossary
Summary
Acknowledgements
v
ix
x
xiii
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Excavation history and processes
Introduction
The excavation
Phasing
Castle studies in Wales
Development of Welsh castles
1
3
7
8
11
2
2.1
2.2
Welsh lordship period (1197–1287): historical and archaeological summary
History of the lordship and castle of Dryslwyn 1197–1287 (by C Caple and C Phillpotts)
Archaeological outline, Phases 1a–4b: the Welsh lord’s castle
17
32
3
3.1
3.2
English garrison period (1287–1455): historical and archaeological summary
History of the English garrison period (1287–1455) (by C Caple and C Phillpotts)
Archaeological outline, Phases 4c–7d: the English garrison castle
41
48
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Inner Ward: excavation evidence
Areas D, E and P: Round Tower
Areas B, C and A: Gateway
Areas I, J, K and L: Great Hall, Kitchen and Apartments
Areas G, H and F: Great Chamber and Chapel
Areas O and M: Courtyard, Prison and latrines/garderobes
57
71
87
107
126
5
5.1
5.2
Middle and Outer Wards: excavation evidence
Areas A, X, Y and XR: Middle Ward
Areas R, W, WA and WB: Outer Ward and Castle Gateway
137
142
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
Castle construction
Building methods and materials (by C Caple, R F Caple and I Betts)
Architectural stonework (by R F Caple)
Mortar (by C Caple)
Painted wall-plaster (by C Caple and P Clogg)
Structural ironwork (by I H Goodall)
Nails (by A Thompson)
Window glass (by R Tyson)
149
156
164
165
170
175
183
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Siege and warfare
History of the revolt and siege (1287–97) (by C Phillpotts and C Caple)
Archaeological evidence of siege and warfare (by C Caple, R F Caple, O Jessop and
C Phillpotts)
Weapons (by O Jessop)
Lithic projectiles (by R F Caple)
iii
185
191
197
208
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
Dryslwyn township
History of Dryslwyn township (by C Phillpotts and C Caple)
Areas T and S: town house and town wall
Area Z: town wall and ditch
Areas U and V: town gatehouse, town defences, roadway
Archaeological evidence of Dryslwyn township
215
219
221
223
225
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
9.10
9.11
Artefactual evidence
Artefacts and activities
Pottery (by P Webster)
Coins (by E Besly)
Iron artefacts (by I H Goodall)
Copper-alloy and lead artefacts (by A Goodall)
Vessel glass (by R Tyson)
Bone, antler and ivory artefacts (by S O’Connor, C Spence and C Caple)
Stone artefacts (by H Willmott)
Miscellaneous artefacts (by C Caple, C Vinson and H Willmott)
Industrial residues (by D Dungworth, C Pickin and C Caple)
Coal
233
236
245
247
257
263
264
272
277
279
282
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.8
10.9
Agricultural and dietary evidence
Food production and consumption in Wales: 13th to 15th centuries (by L Gidney and
C Caple)
Animal and bird bones (by L Gidney)
Fish bones (by A Locker)
Shellfish (by J P Huntley)
Plant remains (by J P Huntley and J R G Daniell)
Charcoal (by C Caple, J Miller and S Ramsay)
Coprolites (by J R G Daniell)
Eggshell (by C Caple and L Gidney)
Organic residues (by J Reid, S N Dudd, M S Copley and R P Evershed)
283
295
314
318
321
336
338
342
343
11
Conclusions
349
353
365
Bibliography
Index
iv

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