Scientific American 2023 02.pdf

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FEBRUARY 2023
SCIENTIFICAMERICAN.COM
Dreams Can Predict
Brain Disease
Satellite Swarms
Threaten Astronomy
Love Lessons
from Prairie
Voles
Life as
We
’
t
Don
Know
It
How to search
for aliens that
are nothing
like Earthlings
Fe b r ua ry 2 0 2 3
VO L U M E 3 2 8 , N U M B E R 2
40
A S T R O B I O LO G Y
C L I M AT E
32 Life as We Don’t Know It
Scientists are abandoning conven-
tional thinking to search for extra-
terrestrial creatures that bear
little resemblance to Earthlings.
By Sarah Scoles
A N I M A L B E H AV I O R
52 Concrete Cure
New techniques can greatly reduce
the enormous carbon emissions
from cement and concrete produc-
tion.
By Mark Fischetti,
Nick Bockelman and Wil V. Srubar
NEUROSCIENCE
40 The Neurobiology of Love
Prairie voles are providing surpris-
ing new insights into how social
bonds form.
By Steven Phelps,
Zoe Donaldson and Dev Manoli
A S T R O N O MY
56 When Dreams Foreshadow
Brain Disease
Acting out dreams is one of the
earliest signs of Parkinson’s disease.
By Diana Kwon
C U LT U R E
ON THe C OVe r
Astronomers tend to search for extraterrestrial
life that resembles our own—beings that require
liquid water, breathe oxygen and use DNA—
partly because those are the easiest types of life
to seek. But some scientists are searching for
life that is so different from Earth biology
that we might have trouble recognizing it.
Researchers are developing new strategies for
identifying life as we don’t know it.
Ilustration by William Hand.
46 The Threat of
Satellite Constellations
Growing swarms of spacecraft
in orbit are outshining the stars,
and scientists fear no one will do
anything to stop it.
By Rebecca Boyle
64 Changing the Language
of Climate Change
Choosing words and stories
that speak to people’s priorities
can build the will needed to
implement climate solutions.
By Susan Joy Hassol
Photograph by Aubrey M. Kelly
February 2023, ScientificAmerican.com
1
4 From the Editor
6 Letters
8 Science Agenda
Decades of research support later school start times,
but too few schools have implemented them.
By the Editors
10 Forum
Changing the culture of computer science and engineering
will make it more welcoming to women.
By Sapna Cheryan, Allison Master
and
Andrew Meltzoff
Marley Allen-Ash
12 Advances
How Mars life could have created its own downfall.
Oddball Cambrian-era throwback. A python’s impressive
stretching jaw. Green power from tiny aquatic plants.
10
24 Meter
Time crystals in poetry form.
By Lorraine Schein
25 The Science of Health
Marko von der Osten/Alamy Stock Photo
The “platinum rule” raises the standard for patient care.
By Claudia Wallis
28 Q&A
AI is solving vexing problems in biology.
By Tanya Lewis
69 Mind Matters
Collaboration is nice, but it often inspires groups to lie.
By Margarita Leib
12
70 The Universe
A stellar spiral reveals secrets of the cosmos.
By Phil Plait
72 Reviews
Why slime is sublime. Sprawling light pollution. Wilder-
ness tales. Embracing the bioelectric age.
By Amy Brady
74 Observatory
NASA/ESA/CSA/STScI/JPL-Caltech
Is an aggressive move away from fossil fuels truly
unrealistic?
By Naomi Oreskes
75 50, 100 & 150 Years Ago
By Mark Fischetti
76 Graphic Science
Charts show how global life expectancy has changed during
the pandemic.
By Tanya Lewis and Amanda Montañez
70
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), Volume 328, Number 2, February 2023, published monthly by Scientific American, a division of Springer Nature America, Inc., 1 New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, N.Y. 10004-
1562. Periodicals postage paid at New York, N.Y., and at additional mailing offices. Canada Post International Publications Mail (Canadian Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 40012504. Canadian BN No. 127387652RT;
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2
Scientific American, February 2023

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