Wild Edible Mushrooms from Kerala Forest - A Source of Food and Income - Final Project Report Submitted by Dr KB Vrinda & Dr CK Pradeep (2018).pdf

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FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT-Wild edible mushrooms from Kerala forests-A source of food & income
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C
ONTENTS
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ECHNICAL
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ETAILS
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ESEARCH
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EPORT
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BSTRACT
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NTRODUCTION
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BJECTIVES
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ETHODOLOGY
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IST OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS
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ETAILED ACCOUNT OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS
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RAINING
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ALUE ADDITION
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ESULTS
&
CONCLUSION
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USHROOM RECIPES
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EFERENCES
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UBLICATIONS
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LATES
FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT-Wild edible mushrooms from Kerala forests-A source of food & income
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Part-I: Technical Details
Title of the project
Name and address of Principal Investigator
:
WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS FROM KERALA
FORESTS-A SOURCE OF FOOD & INCOME
: Dr. K.B. Vrinda, Scientist
Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic
Garden & Research Institute, Palode
Thiruvananthapuram-695562
Ph.(Off.) 0472-28696256
Fax. 0472-2869646
: Dr. C. K. Pradeep, Scientist
Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic
Garden & Research Institute, Palode,
Thiruvananthapuram-695562
Ph.(Off.) 0472-28696256
Fax. 0472-2869646
: Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic
Garden & Research Institute, Palode
Thiruvananthapuram-695562
: G.O.(M.S) No. 16/11/Plg. dated, 24-03-
2011
: 2011-2014
Name and address of Co-Investigator
Organization
Code No.
Period
Financial details
Total outlayw
Amount released
Expenditure as on (31 March 2014)
Staff sanctioned
Jr. Research Fellow
: Rs.5,63,000/-
: Rs. 5,63,000/-
: Rs. 5,63,000/-
: One
FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT-Wild edible mushrooms from Kerala forests-A source of food & income
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Abstract
Mushrooms can contribute to overcome, to some extent, the world’s hunger
problems by providing variety of delicious, healthy, natural food at the expense of only of
the time required to collect them. In Kerala there are nearly a hundred other wild
mushroom species that are known to be edible, plus thousands of species that are either
poisonous, inedible, or of unknown edibility. In the selection of mushrooms to eat, a great
caution should be taken because mushrooms poisoning is not uncommon now in Kerala.
The study aimed not only at identifying the common wild edible mushrooms of Kerala
based on local and scientific knowledge but also focused at collection, identification and
sustainable utilization for the lesser known wild edible mushrooms of Kerala. To know
several different kinds of edible mushrooms, which occur in greater or less quantity
through the different seasons, would enable those interested in these fungi to provide a
palatable food at the expense of only the time required to collect them. Mushrooms may
never play as big a dietary role in India, especially in Kerala, as they do in other parts of
the world, but for those who enjoy trying different kinds of food, the fungi kingdom hold a
vast array of gastronomic delights.
The study aimed at collecting and documenting the common and lesser known wild
edible mushrooms of Kerala forests so that they can be distinguished easily by the local
people who collect them for food. The study also aimed at bringing out certain guidelines
for safe foraging so that common man interested in gathering wild mushrooms for food
can follow these guidelines to reduce the risk of poisoning.
This will also help people to
overcome suspicions about wild mushrooms. Large quantities of these natural resources,
so far not properly managed, can thus be safely gathered and utilized by the local people
without ill effects.
FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT-Wild edible mushrooms from Kerala forests-A source of food & income
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Introduction
The fleshy fungi, particularly the mushrooms, are of great interest for a variety of
reasons. The possibility of using them as food – Is it edible or poisonous? - is the first
concern of many people.
For others, the diversity of form and vivid colours are a
satisfaction and a delight. Each group of organisms has its unique appeal, but in case of
fungi, especially mushrooms and fleshy ones are an unusually diverse and colourful group
with distinct appeal to those with artistic, scientific, photographic and culinary interests.
There is a challenge in trying to find some kind of fleshy fungi during their brief season,
when they suddenly appear and almost as suddenly disappear. Mushrooms may reappear
each year again and again producing fruiting bodies.
The mysteries of poisons and
hallucinogens have created a mushroom folklore containing truths, half truths and
superstitions.
Wild edible forest mushrooms are among the special forest products and are of
great food and nutritional value. On a dry weight basis mushrooms have been observed to
contain 20–40 percent of crude protein, 3-28 percent of carbohydrates and a wide range
of both macro- and micro- elements besides certain vitamins. The use of wild mushrooms
for food in all probability began with the prehistoric man. During the long period in
which he existed as a hunter gatherer, the fungi of the forest might have served as an
important source of nourishment. When collecting wild mushrooms for food, one has to
remember that the most common source of information about their edibility has been trial
and error; people got sick or died from eating poisonous specimens. Information and
evaluations of fleshy fungi as edible, suspect, not recommended and poisonous have
accumulated with time. One of the earliest documentations of the use of wild mushrooms
as food dates back to the Greek and Roman cultures of about 400 BC. Classical Roman
literature contains many references of mycophagy. Ancient Romans considered some
FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT-Wild edible mushrooms from Kerala forests-A source of food & income

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